背景:接受家庭护理(HBC)的老年人经常面临获得预防性口腔保健(OHC)和牙科治疗的障碍。导致他们口腔保健的恶化。由于全身性疾病负担增加等因素,它进一步恶化,药物副作用,流动性有限,财政拮据,国内缺乏专业的OHC。老年人也难以保持必要的日常口腔卫生,导致营养不良,减肥,和健康进一步恶化的风险。这项横断面调查旨在调查HBC接受者的口腔健康相关生活质量(OHRQoL)及其相关因素。
方法:居住在汉堡的5,280名老年人(≥60岁),DAK-Gesundheit需要护理并投保法定健康保险的人收到了问卷,其中包括德语版的口腔健康影响简介(OHIPG-14)和,EQ-5D健康相关生活质量(HRQoL)测量以及关于非正式社会支持程度的进一步问题,主观口腔健康状况,口腔健康行为,主观认知状态,和社会人口统计学变量。
结果:参与者(n=1,622)的中位年龄为83.2岁,72.0%的样本是女性。近三分之二的样本报告说,他们的独立性或能力显着受损(护理水平2)。关于口腔健康影响,40.0%的参与者报告说,经常或经常经历OHIP-G14的十四种可能的普遍影响中的至少一种。口腔健康影响严重程度的多元回归模型显示,更好的HRQoL,对自己牙齿状况的积极看法,减少对牙科诊所的访问,OHC不需要支持与更好的OHRQoL相关。相反,对口腔健康状况有负面看法的受访者,更频繁地访问牙科诊所,需要OHC的支持,主观记忆障碍表现为OHRQoL较差。
结论:结果强调了HBC中老年人口腔健康不良的风险。我们得出结论,迫切需要优先考虑口腔健康,尤其是口腔健康状况不佳会进一步损害这些已经依赖护理的人群的全身健康。
BACKGROUND: Older people receiving home-based care (HBC) often face barriers to access preventive oral health care (OHC) and dental treatments. Leading to deterioration of their oral healthcare. It is further deteriorated by factors such as increasing burden of systemic diseases, medicinal side effects, limited mobility, financial constraints and lack of professional OHC at home. Older people also struggle to maintain necessary daily oral hygiene, leading to malnutrition, weight loss, and a risk of a further health degradation. This cross-sectional survey aimed to investigate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and their associated factors in HBC recipients.
METHODS: 5,280 older people (≥ 60 years) living in Hamburg, who were in need of care and insured with statutory health insurance DAK-Gesundheit received the questionnaire, which included the German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP G-14) and, the EQ-5D health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measure as well as further questions regarding the extent of informal social support, subjective oral health status, oral health behaviour, subjective cognitive status, and socio-demographic variables.
RESULTS: The participants (n = 1,622) had a median age of 83.2 years, with 72.0% of the sample being female. Nearly two thirds of the sample reported that their independence or abilities were significantly impaired (care level 2). Regarding oral health impacts, 40.0% of the participants reported experiencing at least one of the fourteen possible prevalent impacts of the OHIP-G14 fairly often or very often. A multivariate regression model on the severity of oral health impacts revealed, that a better HRQoL, a positive perception of one\'s own dental status, fewer visits to dental practices, and no need for support in OHC were associated with better OHRQoL. Conversely, respondents with a negative perception of their oral health status, more frequent visits to a dental practice, a need for support in OHC, and subjective memory impairment showed poorer OHRQoL.
CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the risk for poor oral health among older people in HBC. We conclude that there is an urgent need to prioritise oral health, especially as poor oral health can further compromise the systemic wellbeing of these already care dependent population.